Adwa stands as a monumental victory for all Black people, a moment where Ethiopians, united in spirit, decisively defeated the invading enemy and held their heads high on the global stage.
Just as every generation faces its own unique challenges, our predecessors built enduring testaments to our civilization: Adwa, Aksum, the walls of Harar, and the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela.
However, from the 18th century onwards, due to shifting global dynamics, Ethiopia's ambitions seemed to wane. The hands that once built Aksum were left idle, sometimes forced into begging. This downturn was largely attributed to various external influences that hindered Ethiopians from effectively utilizing their abundant natural resources to overcome adversity.
Internal conflicts and power struggles also contributed to the weakening of Ethiopia. Consequently, the paradox of a land rich in water yet experiencing thirst and possessing fertile soil yet facing starvation became a defining image. The once mighty Ethiopia, which had triumphed over Western powers at the Battle of Adwa, was later reduced in their records to a symbol of famine.
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam: A History-Changing Project
Until recently, the Nile River was perceived as a blessing primarily for Egypt, while for Ethiopia, its source, it was often a subject of irony. The saying, "The Abay (Nile) has no home, wandering aimlessly," reflected the frustration of generations who couldn't harness its immense potential.
But on March 24, 2011 (Ethiopian Calendar), the Abay finally found its home. The laying of the foundation stone marked a truly historic day when Ethiopians, as one, affirmed, "Yes, we can!"
Emperor Haile Selassie I had previously explored potential projects on the Nile, but all avenues were closed on him. Despite the lack of success during his reign, he left behind a prophetic message for future generations:
"If we declare our intention to dam the Abay, we may lack the immediate capacity. If we seek assistance from foreign nations, they might refuse unless we compromise our sovereignty. The next generation will build it using its own resources—let the research remain as a testament to this aspiration!"
This generation was indeed destined to fulfill his vision. Just as past generations erected Adwa, their own Aksum, and Lalibela, today’s generation has brought this long-cherished dream to the cusp of realization.
A Project Tested by Diplomacy and Internal Struggles
The project undeniably faced significant diplomatic pressure and internal challenges. Numerous obstacles arose that aimed to impede its progress. However, following crucial reforms, these barriers were overcome, and today, the dam stands near completion—a powerful testament to Ethiopians achieving their collective dream.
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is far more than just a dam; it is a truly history-altering undertaking. It rectifies a long-standing distorted narrative surrounding the Nile, demonstrating that just as Ethiopians secured their freedom at Adwa through their own strength and unity, they can also eradicate poverty by making their own history.
A Source of National Pride
GERD is Africa’s largest hydroelectric project. Built through the dedication and sacrifice of Ethiopians, it represents a shared ambition of the entire nation. Unlike projects such as the Aswan Dam or other major African initiatives that relied heavily on foreign aid and loans, GERD is a profound source of pride, primarily financed by the contributions of ordinary Ethiopian citizens, including mothers who sold their butter and eggs to contribute to a brighter future with electricity.
This project powerfully demonstrates the ability of Ethiopians to unite, transcending political, ethnic, and other differences—it stands as a potent symbol of self-reliance and a clear development vision.
A Catalyst for Economic Transformation
The dam will enable Ethiopia to ensure sustained industrial growth, create numerous job opportunities, and provide universal access to electricity for its citizens. Furthermore, by selling surplus power to neighboring countries like Sudan, Kenya, and Djibouti, it will significantly strengthen regional economic ties. Additionally, the project will inject vital foreign currency earnings into Ethiopia’s economy.
Hydro-Politics and Diplomatic Impact
For many years, Egypt exerted pressure on Ethiopia not to utilize the waters of the Nile. Ethiopia’s consistent stance, however, has been to pursue a path of mutual benefit for all involved nations. While Egypt invoked outdated colonial-era treaties to oppose the dam’s construction, Ethiopia, through the unwavering progress on GERD, has demonstrated that such tactics are no longer effective.
Despite persistent external pressure, Ethiopia resolutely pursued the dam’s construction while simultaneously remaining open to negotiations aimed at achieving shared benefits. In doing so, it has redefined the geopolitics of the Nile—shifting the perception from being the exclusive property of a few nations to recognizing it as a shared resource for all riparian countries.
The Light of Tomorrow
GERD serves as a powerful beacon of light and a profound source of pride for all Ethiopians. It strategically positions Ethiopia as a leading power exporter and a significant industrial hub on the continent. Moreover, it opens significant doors for Ethiopia to play a pivotal role in Africa’s energy supply and in fostering constructive Nile Basin diplomacy.
As a vital source of green energy, GERD will contribute significantly to the global fight against climate change, allowing Ethiopia to contribute its fair share to the well-being of Africa and the wider world.
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is far more than just an impressive structure on the Abay River. It stands as irrefutable proof of Ethiopia’s capability, unwavering self-reliance, and ambitious development vision. It empowers Ethiopia to emerge as a leader in Africa’s ongoing history of development, energy independence, and enduring freedom.
Just as Ethiopia’s historic victory at Adwa inspired Africa’s struggle for liberation from colonial rule, today, GERD serves as a powerful symbol demonstrating that Africa possesses the inherent capacity to develop and escape poverty by effectively harnessing its own natural resources.
This monumental dam, a testament to Ethiopian unity and determination, is on track to be completed in the coming year. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed recently reaffirmed this progress in parliament, confidently stating that "the Renaissance is inevitable."