By: Kassahun Chanie
As an African journalist and citizen, I've watched with a mix of hope and concern as the debate over Ethiopia’s landlocked status unfolds. It's a conversation that resonates deeply, not just because of Ethiopia's significance on our continent, but because it mirrors a larger struggle we face in Africa: the tension between national aspirations and regional interconnectedness. The question of whether Ethiopia’s landlocked reality is a threat to regional stability or a driver of growth isn't an abstract academic exercise; it's a real time test of our leadership, our collective vision, and our capacity to build a future of shared prosperity. From my vantage point, I see a nuanced picture, one that rejects the simplistic binary of threat versus opportunity and instead recognizes the pivotal role that African agency plays in shaping the outcome.
Let me be clear: the anxiety surrounding Ethiopia’s landlocked position is not unfounded. We, as Africans, carry the weight of historical baggage. We know the vulnerabilities that come with reliance on neighboring nations for access to the sea. We’ve seen how such dependencies can be manipulated, how trade routes can become battlegrounds, and how geopolitical maneuvering can destabilize entire regions. The shadow of colonial legacies and the arbitrary drawing of borders still hangs heavy over us, reminding us of the artificial barriers that were imposed without regard for the natural flows of trade and connection. This is the raw, honest perspective, the viewpoint born from the hard lessons of our past. This anxiety is further heightened by current realities the pressures of a rapidly growing population, the struggle for resources, and the ever-present potential for internal and external conflicts. From this standpoint, a narrative of threat and fragility surrounding Ethiopia’s landlocked status is, at least partially, understandable and reflects genuine concerns.
However, we cannot let fear dictate our future. To solely view Ethiopia’s landlocked status as a catalyst for instability is to ignore the potential for transformative change that lies within our grasp. This is the second viewpoint, one born from the belief in our collective capacity to shape a better destiny for ourselves and future generations. We cannot allow ourselves to be trapped by the narratives of the past or by the anxieties of the present. As an African, I refuse to accept the premise that our geography is our destiny. Instead, I believe that our shared history, our interconnected futures, and our common aspirations offer a more powerful narrative; one of collaboration, shared prosperity, and regional integration.
From my perspective, the key to unlocking Ethiopia’s potential, and by extension, the potential of the region, lies in embracing a win-win approach. This isn't a utopian ideal; it's a pragmatic strategy based on recognizing our interconnected destinies. The question is not whether Ethiopia's situation will be a threat, but whether we as African leaders, citizens, and stakeholders, allow it to become one.
Firstly, economic integration is paramount. It’s time we moved beyond superficial trade agreements and built truly interconnected markets. Ethiopia's rapidly growing economy represents a significant opportunity for the region. By removing trade barriers, harmonizing regulations, and investing in efficient infrastructure, we can create a powerful engine of growth that benefits all participating nations. The development of transport corridors linking Ethiopia to the ports of its neighbors shouldn't be viewed as solely an Ethiopian endeavor; it should be a regional project, benefiting all those it connects.
This means focusing on projects that not only move Ethiopian goods but also create economic opportunities along their routes, stimulating local economies and generating employment. As an African, I want to see investments not only in roads and railways, but also in digital infrastructure that empowers our youth, enhances connectivity, and stimulates trade.
Secondly, strategic cooperation is essential in areas beyond economics. Issues like water management, energy access, and security must be approached from a regional perspective. We need collaborative solutions that acknowledge our shared vulnerabilities and harness our collective strengths. We cannot afford to let resource scarcity become a catalyst for conflict. Instead, we must embrace collaborative water management schemes, invest in joint energy projects, and work together to combat terrorism, organized crime, and other threats. As an African, I envision a future where our security forces train together, where we share intelligence, and where we collaborate to address shared threats. This collaboration is not simply about self-preservation; it's about building trust, strengthening bonds, and creating a more peaceful and secure region for all.
Thirdly, investment in infrastructure is a non-negotiable. This isn’t just about building roads and railways; it's about creating an enabling environment for economic growth. We need to see massive investments in modern and sustainable infrastructure, connecting cities, linking markets, and driving economic opportunities. This includes embracing digital technologies that facilitate trade, improve communication, and foster innovation. As an African, I long to see our youth empowered by technology, and equipped with the skills and knowledge they need to participate in the global economy. This includes investing not only in infrastructure that connects countries but also in infrastructure that connects people within countries, breaking down regional disparities, and promoting inclusive growth.
Fourthly, human capital development is our most valuable asset. Investing in education, vocational training, and entrepreneurship isn't just about empowering individuals; it's about building a resilient and prosperous region. We must focus on developing skills that are relevant to the modern economy, while also fostering a culture of innovation and critical thinking. As an African, I believe in the power of education to transform lives and shape a more just and equitable society. We need to focus on providing quality education for all, regardless of their background or location, because a future in Africa is only as good as its youth are educated and prepared.
Fifthly, strong and accountable institutions are critical for fostering trust, attracting investment, and promoting sustainable development. This requires not only the strengthening of our legal and judicial systems but also promoting good governance and combating corruption. Transparency and accountability must be the hallmarks of our political and economic systems. As an African, I yearn to see institutions that serve the people, protect their rights, and ensure that the benefits of development are shared equitably across society.
Finally, and perhaps most importantly, we need a shift in leadership mindset. We cannot afford to continue with the narrow nationalistic approaches of the past. We need visionary leaders who understand the interconnectedness of our destinies and who are willing to embrace a pan-African vision based on solidarity, mutual benefit, and shared responsibility. This means engaging in genuine dialogue, building trust, and working collectively to address the challenges we face. As an African, I believe that the strength of our continent lies in our unity, our diversity, and our collective potential.
From my viewpoint, Ethiopia should not be viewed as a potential destabilizing force, but as a catalyst for regional integration. By actively working with its neighbors, fostering trust and confidence, and promoting regional projects that benefit all, Ethiopia can turn its landlocked status into a springboard for collective prosperity. The alternative is a continuation of the status quo, where narrow national interests take precedence over regional collaboration and where historical anxieties lead to a cycle of mistrust and competition. This, as I see it, is a path to shared misery, not to shared progress.
The lessons from landlocked countries around the world, from Switzerland to Austria, are clear: geography is not destiny. Success is shaped by the choices we make and by our willingness to collaborate and innovate. We, as Africans, must embrace this lesson and choose to build a future where shared prosperity and regional integration are the cornerstones of our collective success.
The question before us is not whether Ethiopia’s landlocked status is inherently a threat or an opportunity; it’s about how we, as African leaders, citizens, and stakeholders, choose to respond to the challenges it presents. We can choose to remain trapped in the anxieties of the past, or we can choose to embrace a future of collaboration, shared prosperity, and regional integration. From my viewpoint, the choice is clear: the path to lasting stability and sustainable development lies in our collective capacity to work together, transcend our differences, and embrace a win-win paradigm that serves the interests of all Africans. As an African journalist and citizen, I believe that our future depends on this. Let us choose wisely, act boldly, and build the Africa we all deserve, an Africa where geography is not a barrier but rather a catalyst for unified and sustainable growth.